'Abstract: amino acids, proteins. Category: Chemistry'

'\n\nProteins vsokomolekulyarne polymer, Nature, postroenne residues of aminic acids, soedynennh amide (peptide) svyazyu? CO? NH?.\n to each one protein harakteryzuetsya spetsyfycheskoy amynokyslotnoy posledovatelnostyu and yndyvydualnoy spatial strukturoy (conformation). The address of proteins pryhodytsya at to the lowest degree 50% ironical mass orhanycheskyh compounds zhyvotnoy cells. mathematical process protein underlies vazhneyshyh processes zhyznedeyatelnosty organism. Metabolism substances (digestive system, respiratory and others) mshechnoe Reduction, nervnaya conductivity cells and sustenance in full general nerazrvno svyazan with aktyvnostyu enzymes - highly detail catalysts biochemically reactions yavlyayuschyhsya proteins. backside kostnoy and soedynytelnoy woven, wool, rohovh formations sostavlyayut strukturne proteins. Ona same chassis formyruyut kletochnh organell (mytohondryy, membranes, et al.) Rashozhdenye delenyy chromosomes in cells, flagella motion, on the job(p) muscles of animals and man in osuschestvlyayutsya unique appliance in the contracted protein posredstve system (eg, actin, myosin). Vazhnuyu sostavlyayut rehulyatorne feature group of proteins, and protein kontrolyruyuschye byosyntez nukleynovh acids. K rehulyatornm otnosjatsja sound as protein-protein peptide hormon, kotore secreted ndokrynnmy iron. Information on Status impertinent environment, Various rehulyatorne signals (including hormonalne) vosprynymayutsya kletkoy with pomoshchju specials. retseptornh proteins, raspolahayuschyhsya on naruzhnoy plazmatycheskoy surface membrane. These proteins yhrayut an outstanding enjoyment in the transmission of case excitation and oriented movement in cells (chemotaxis). In spry transport ions, lypydov, sugars and amino group acids across membranes byolohycheskye uchastvuyut transportne proteins, proteins ili-perenoschyky. K poslednym otnosjatsja puff up as hemoglobin and myoglobin, osuschestvlyayuschye wobble oxyg en. Transformation of ability and utylyzatsyya, postupayuschey in an organism with nutrition, as well as radiation therapy of energy solnechnoho proyshodyat with the engagement of proteins byonerhetycheskoy system (eg, rhodopsin, tsytohrom). convey importance ymeyut pyscheve and supernumerary proteins (eg Kazeyn, Prolamyn) yhrayuschye an important role in the growth and Functioning organisms. prophylactic systems High edict organisms formyruyutsya zaschytnmy proteins, c kotorm otnosjatsja ymmunohlobulyn (Responsible for immunity), equilibrize proteins (Responsible for the lysis of cells and chuzherodnh aktyvatsyyu ymmunolohycheskoy function) system svertvanyya line of reasoning proteins (eg thrombin, Fybryn) and protyvovyrusny protein interferon.\nOn the piece of proteins in delyat proste, sostoyaschye further amynokyslotnh of residues (proteyn) and slozhne (proteyd). Slozhne mogut include surface ions (metalloproteidy) ili pigments (hromoproteyd) obrazovvat prochne kom pleks with lipids (lipoproteins) nukleynovmy acids (nucleoproteins), as well as the rest covalently svyazvat fosfornoy acid (fosfoproteyd), cabbage (hlykoproteyn) ili nukleynovoy acid (henom nekotorh viruses).'